Artificial intelligence: Theoretical foundations, applications, and societal implications

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize many aspects of human life. However, its rapid development and deployment have also raised significant ethical, social, and economic concerns. In this chapter, the authors provide a comprehensive overview of the theoretical background and applications of AI, with a focus on its current and potential impact in times of turbulence. They discuss the key concepts and techniques underlying AI, including machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing. They then explore the applications of AI in various fields, including healthcare, finance, supply chain management, and climate change. They also examine the societal challenges and risks associated with AI, such as algorithmic bias, privacy violations, and job displacement. Finally, they discuss the future of AI and the need for responsible development and deployment of this technology. Analysis highlights the complex and multifaceted nature of AI and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.