Strategies used by social workers to improve the quality of life of street children in Ghana

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the strategies employed by social workers to enhance the quality of life for street children in Accra. It also explores the perceptions of street children regarding the support and interventions provided by social workers, and analyzes the theoretical model used to explain life improvements for these children. This study employed a qualitative research design, utilizing in-depth interviews to collect data from a purposive sample of street children residing on the Streets of Accra, Ghana. Data were gathered through interviews with 15 participants, including 10 street children aged 11 to 18 and 5 social workers. The data collected were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques, revealing common strategies that social workers employs when they want to improve the lives of street children in Accra. The findings reveal that social workers use various strategies, such as providing basic necessities, educational support, vocational training, and mental healthcare. The children expressed gratitude for these interventions, especially for the provision of food, clothing, and shelter. However, some children also expressed mixed feelings, highlighting the limitations and challenges of the available support. Social workers encounter significant challenges, including high turnover rates, lack of comprehensive data, and resource constraints, which hinder the effectiveness of their interventions. The study applies the Ecological Systems Theory to analyze the improvement in the lives of street children, considering the multiple levels of influence on their well-being. The theory's application underscores the importance of immediate environments and broader systemic factors in shaping the experiences of street children. This study highlights the critical role of social workers in improving the lives of street children in Accra and emphasizes the need for continued efforts to address the complex challenges they face.