Coping strategies of street children during the Covid-19 pandemic in Ghana

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges globally, particularly affecting vulnerable populations such as street children. This research aimed to explore the coping strategies employed by street children in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic. Street children are a vulnerable and marginalized group, and understanding their resilience and adaptability during crises is crucial in designing targeted interventions and support systems. This study utilized a qualitative research design, employing in-depth interviews to gather data from a purposive sample of street children residing in urban areas of Ghana. A total number of 12 participants were used based on their status as street children. This research examined the coping mechanisms street children in Ghana utilised to navigate the challenges posed by the pandemic. The data collected were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques, revealing common coping strategies that street children employed during the pandemic. Findings revealed that street children in Ghana utilized various coping strategies to navigate the challenges brought about by the pandemic. The coping strategies identified included engagement in informal economic activities, such as begging and street hawking, relying on social networks within the street community, adapting to changes in daily routines and survival strategies, and adopting adaptive measures to minimize exposure to the virus. The study also highlights street children's barriers and limitations in accessing critical resources, such as healthcare, education, and social support, further exacerbated by the pandemic. Furthermore, the study highlighted the psychological coping mechanisms employed by street children, such as developing resilience and forming social bonds for emotional support. However, it was noted that some coping strategies had potentially negative consequences, such as increased exposure to exploitation and abuse, highlighting the need for targeted policies and interventions to address the unique needs of street children during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings underscore the resourcefulness and resilience of street children in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study provides insights into the unique coping strategies employed by this marginalized population, shedding light on their resilience and highlighting the need for tailored support and interventions. Addressing the challenges faced by street children during the pandemic requires collaborative efforts from governmental agencies, nongovernmental organizations, social workers, social service providers and relevant stakeholders to ensure the protection and well-being of this vulnerable group in Ghana. Ultimately, this study aims to inform evidence-based interventions and foster resilience among street children during ongoing and future crises.