Utilize este identificador para referenciar este registo:
http://hdl.handle.net/10071/24715
Autoria: | Alderson-Day, B. Moffatt, J. Lima, C. F. Krishnan, S. Fernyhough, C. Scott, S. K. Denton, S. Leong, I. Y. T. Oncel, A. D. Wu, Y.-L. Zehra Gurbuz Samuel Evans |
Data: | 2022 |
Título próprio: | Susceptibility to auditory hallucinations is associated with spontaneous but not directed modulation of top-down expectations for speech |
Volume: | 22 |
Número: | 1 |
ISSN: | 2057-2107 |
DOI (Digital Object Identifier): | 10.1093/nc/niac002 |
Palavras-chave: | Consciousness Ketamine anesthesia EEG markers of consciousness Perturbational complexity index |
Resumo: | Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs)—or hearing voices—occur in clinical and non-clinical populations, but their mechanisms remain unclear. Predictive processing models of psychosis have proposed that hallucinations arise from an over-weighting of prior expectations in perception. It is unknown, however, whether this reflects (i) a sensitivity to explicit modulation of prior knowledge or (ii) a pre-existing tendency to spontaneously use such knowledge in ambiguous contexts. Four experiments were conducted to examine this question in healthy participants listening to ambiguous speech stimuli. In experiments 1a (n = 60) and 1b (n = 60), participants discriminated intelligible and unintelligible sine-wave speech before and after exposure to the original language templates (i.e. a modulation of expectation). No relationship was observed between top-down modulation and two common measures of hallucination-proneness.Experiment 2 (n = 99) confirmed this pattern with a different stimulus—sine-vocoded speech (SVS)—that was designed to minimize ceiling effects in discrimination and more closely model previous top-down effects reported in psychosis. In Experiment 3 (n = 134), participants were exposed to SVS without prior knowledge that it contained speech (i.e. naïve listening). AVH-proneness significantly predicted both pre-exposure identification of speech and successful recall for words hidden in SVS, indicating that participants could actually decode the hidden signal spontaneously. Altogether, these findings support a pre-existing tendency to pontaneously draw upon prior knowledge in healthy people prone to AVH, rather than a sensitivity to temporary modulations of expectation. We propose a model of clinical and non-clinical hallucinations, across auditory and visual modalities, with testable predictions for future research. |
Arbitragem científica: | yes |
Acesso: | Acesso Aberto |
Aparece nas coleções: | CIS-RI - Artigos em revistas científicas internacionais com arbitragem científica |
Ficheiros deste registo:
Ficheiro | Descrição | Tamanho | Formato | |
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article_86970.pdf | Versão Editora | 1,34 MB | Adobe PDF | Ver/Abrir |
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