Angola: o papel e contributo do sector dos petróleos de Angola no desenvolvimento sócio-económico do país. Desafios e expectativas (1975 – 2005)

Abstract

O presente trabalho diz respeito ao papel e importância que a indústria petrolífera angolana (refiro-me ao Ministério dos Petróleos de Angola – MINPET, à Sociedade Nacional de Combustível de Angola – SONANGOL, e as empresas petrolíferas multinacionais presentes em Angola) exerce na reconstrução e no desenvolvimento sócio-económico de Angola, um país profundamente devastada pela guerra. Trata-se de um estudo que, visa, em primeiro lugar, frisar, que a sociedade angolana sofreu bastante com o longo período de guerra, tendo as suas áreas sócias vitais como, a saúde, habitação, emprego, educação sidas profundamente afectadas. Posteriormente, pretende-se esclarecer que, durante décadas a indústria petrolífera serviu de suporte à guerra, e que uma vez alcançada a paz, ela tem aplicado os recursos na reconstrução e no desenvolvimento sócio-económico do país, apostando cada vez mais em políticas públicas. Assim, uma vez analisado o contributo do sector petrolífero, não restam dúvidas quanto à amplitude e importância que possui na sociedade angolana, e aos esforços do Governo em ver estabilizada a vida sócio-económica no país. Desde o desfecho da guerra, muita coisa foi feita, apesar de ainda insuficiente mas, acreditamos que é possível fazer mais e melhor. Com tudo, espero que os esforços para a estabilização do país continuem no sentido de melhorar as condições de vida dos angolanos e na construção de uma Angola cada vez melhor e moderna.

The present work is aimed to focus on, the role of Angolan Petrochemical Ministry and the SONANGOL – Oil industry in the reconstruction and development of highly devastated socio-economic structure of Angola, after its independence.

The entire process have been set to study, firstly the area that had suffered most, the society and the parts which had been highly affected, the sector of health, employment, and housing among various others. Secondly, the history of the development of the petrochemical agencies and their derivatives which during the last few decades had served to finance the civil-wars and now, for the last couple of years the same resources have been, under various governmental planning, are used in improving the highly required health, housing, schooling among various other facilities which would eventually help in providing a new socio-economic order in Angola.

Apart from what have been mentioned earlier, the government of Angola, making good use of the income from the oil industries, has also been undergoing through various processes of creating jobs, at various levels, for those who have been awaiting for a better life. This is giving a boost in the formation of Angolan socio-economic visual which consequently had considerable impacts on its society. A lot have been projected and achieved but we are still very far from when we could say that the people of Angola have now what they deserved for long. I expect and would like to sincerely believe that this promising policy of the government would continue for a long time until it attains to what is really needed for a new and a modern prosperous society of Angola, respecting each others basic needs and rights.

In order to complete this work, as initially planned, I had to consult numerous libraries and departmental records in various forms; books, journals and official documents.