Repositório Coleção:

Investigating object orientation effects across 18 languages

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título próprio: Investigating object orientation effects across 18 languages Autoria: Chen, S.-C.; Buchanan, E. M.; Kekecs, Z.; Miller, J. K.; Szabelska, A.; Aczel, B.; Bernabeu, P.; Forscher, P. S.; Szuts, A.; Vally, Z.; Al-Hoorie, A. H.; Li, J.; Bavolar. J.; Hricova, M.; Kačmár, P.; Adamkovič, M.; Babinčák, P.; Banik. G.; Ropovik, I.; Ricaurte, D. Z.; Alvarez-Solas, S.; Özdoğru, A. A.; Manley, H.; Suavansri, P.; Kung, C.-C.; Çoktok, B.; Solak, Ç.; Söylemez, S.; Çoksan, S.; Dalgar, İ.; Elsherif, M.; Vasilev, M. R.; Mlakic, V.; Oberzaucher, E.; Stieger, S.; Helmy, M.; Volsa. S.; Musser, E. D.; Zickfeld, J. H.; Chartier, C. R.; Silva, C. S. A. da.; Silva, L. O. da.; Moraes, Y. L. de.; Hsu, R. M. C. S.; Mafra, A. L.; Valentova, J. V.; Correa Varella, M. A.; Dixson, B. J. W.; Peters, K.; Steffens, N. K.; Ghasemi, O.; Roberts, A.; Ross, R. M.; Stephen, I. D.; Milyavskaya, M.; Wang, K.; Werner, K. M.; Holford, D. L.; Sirota, M.; Evans, T. R.; Lynott, D.; Lane, B. M.; Sahlholdt, D. R.; Williams, G. P.; Tan, C. B. Y.; Foo, A.; Janssen, S. M. J.; Arinze, N. C.; Ndukaihe, I. L. G.; Moreau, D.; Jurosic, B.; Leach, B.; Lewis, S.; Mallik, P. R.; Schmidt, K.; Chopik, W. J.; Vaughn, L. A.; Li, M.; Levitan, C. A.; Storage, D.; Batres, C.; McGee, T.; Enachescu, J.; Olsen, J.; Voracek, M.; Lamm, C.; Pronizius, E.; Ripp, T.; Röer, J. P.; Schnepper, R.; Papadatou-Pastou, M.; Mokady, A.; Reggev, N.; Chandel, P.; Kujur, P.; Pande, B.; Parganiha, A.; Parveen, N.; Pradhan, S.; Singh, M. M.; Korbmacher, M.; Kunst, J. R.; Tamnes, C. K.; Woelfert, F. S.; Klevjer, K.; Martiny, S. E.; Pfuhl, G.; Adamus, S.; Barzykowski, K.; Filip, K.; Arriaga, P.; Gvozdenović, V.; Ković, V.; Gao, F. Resumo: Mental simulation theories of language comprehension propose that people automatically create mental representations of objects mentioned in sentences. Mental representation is often measured with the sentence-picture verification task, wherein participants first read a sentence that implies the object property (i.e., shape and orientation). Participants then respond to an image of an object by indicating whether it was an object from the sentence or not. Previous studies have shown matching advantages for shape, but findings concerning object orientation have not been robust across languages. This registered report investigated the match advantage of object orientation across 18 languages in nearly 4,000 participants. The preregistered analysis revealed no compelling evidence for a match advantage for orientation across languages. Additionally, the match advantage was not predicted by mental rotation scores. In light of these findings, we discuss the implications for current theory and methodology surrounding mental simulation.

Sexuality and disability in Portugal: Perspectives from a disability rights activist movement

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título próprio: Sexuality and disability in Portugal: Perspectives from a disability rights activist movement Autoria: Pinho, A. R.; Vitorino, C.; Rodrigues, L.; Santos, D.; Nogueira, C.; Oliveira, J. M. de. Resumo: This study explores the intersection of disability and sexuality in Portugal through the experiences of a disability rights social collective. Historically, disability has been framed by models that often disregard sexuality, leading to the desexualisation and stigmatisation of disabled people. The Independent Living Movement, while addressing sexuality, reclaims self-determination and control over one’s life. The research was conducted with members of a feminist anti-ableist activist collective established in Portugal in 2020, selected for its critical approach to the intersection of gender and disability. Data collection between October 2023 and July 2024 occurred across three phases - initial exploratory interviews, semi-structured interviews, and collaborative discussion of preliminary findings. The discussions focused on models of disability, terminology, sexuality, corporalities, and the theoretical and practical aspects of support for the expression of sexuality. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic nalysis. Two central themes were developed: ‘multiple oppressions’ and ‘dissident bodies’, highlighting systemic barriers and resistance strategies to achieve sexual autonomy. Findings provide insights into the importance of inclusive public policies and intersectional frameworks, offering a situated perspective on how collective agency can promote sexual rights as a matter of social justice.

The evaluation of harm and purity transgressions in Africans: A paradigmatic replication of Rottman and Young (2019)

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título próprio: The evaluation of harm and purity transgressions in Africans: A paradigmatic replication of Rottman and Young (2019) Autoria: Adetula, A.; Forscher, P. S.; Basnight-Brown, D.; Wagge, J. R.; Kaliyapa, W. T.; Polycarp, C. G.; Malingumu, W. S.; Azouaghe, S.; Sambu, L.; Ndukaihe, I. L. G.; Adetula, G. A.; Charyate, A.; Ogbonnaya, C. E.; Arinze, N. C.; Shumiye, O. P.; Jack, D. B.; Ouoba, N. M.; Bada, B. V.; Khaoudi, A.; Nhaguilunguana, J.; Dennis, U. D.; Ayoob, A.; Idu, A. V.; Dinala, Y. E.; Adeyefa, A. O.; Ehinmowo, M. I.; Imonigie, A. U. J.; Agboola, G. W.; Daktong, H. A.; Musa, B.; Elouafa, J.; Boua, M.; Kaddouri, M.; Dongkek, B. J.; Grimli, H.; Mouhssine, L.; Eddamnati, H.; Matimbe, T.; IJzerman, D. R.; Muchiri-Muchai, A. W.; Arriaga, P.; Primbs, M. A.; IJzerman, H. Resumo: Improving the generalizability of psychology findings to a culture requires sampling participants in that culture. Yet psychology studies rarely sample from Africa even though Africa represents 17% of the global population. Although Africans can leverage the credibility-revolution initiatives to increase rigor and global representation, capacity building might speed the spread of these initiatives. In this study, we investigated an African-wide replication study to test whether Rottman and Young’s “mere-trace” hypothesis of moral reasoning (that people are more sensitive to the dosage of harm-based transgressions than purity transgressions) extends to several African communities. We used a training method developed by the Collaborative Replication and Education Project to train 23 African collaborators. During this process, we conducted a paradigmatic replication of Rottman and Young’s test of the mere-trace hypothesis in 12 contributing African sites from Burkina Faso, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, and Tanzania that sampled 783 participants after exclusions. Consistent with the original claim using U.S. samples, our African participants judged severe harm transgressions as more wrong than less severe ones but were not as sensitive to severity for purity transgressions (Domain × Dose: b = −4.63; p < .01). Moreover, the effect of dosage was smaller than reported among the U.S. sample, and our African participants rated all transgression scenarios more wrong than the U.S. sample. Resource constraints limited our sample to five African countries and to Africans dwelling in urban communities. Moral psychology should transcend the moral issues prioritized in the original study to include those considered important in African societies.

Beyond WEIRD societies: Global social identifications across 45 countries and their socio-cultural and economic predictors

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título próprio: Beyond WEIRD societies: Global social identifications across 45 countries and their socio-cultural and economic predictors Autoria: Hamer, K.; Penczek, M.; Marcinkowska, K.; Nowak, B.; Branowska, K.; Sparkman, D.; Loy, L. S.; Baran, M.; Okvitawanli, A.; Gkinopoulos, T.; Hackett, J. D.; Bertin, P.; Carmona, M.; Guerra, R.; Wlodarczyk, A.; Akello, G.; Albarello, F.; Ashraf, M.; Bednarowicz, M.; Beixiang, L.; Benningstad, N.; Bierwiaczonek, K.; Bornman, E.; Bosak, J.; Darkwah, E.; Delouvée, S.; Eder, S. J.; Enea, V.; Espinosa, A.; Etchezahar, E.; Ferris, L. J.; Gudzovskaya, A. A.; Guerch, K.; Hofhuis, J.; Hornsey, M. J.; Igbokwe, D.; Ibarra, M. L.; Kamble, S. V.; Kaniasty, K.; Kengyel, G. J.; Khanipour, H.; Labor, P.; Lima, A. V. V.; Loshenko, O.; Mazurowska, K.; Mintz, K. K.; Monzani, L.; Moriizumi, S.; Moynihan, A. B.; Mubarique, M.; Nagy, R. P.; Nera, K.; Nyúl, B.; Osinde, J.; Özsoy, E.; Palacio, J.; Pešout, O.; Pirttilä‐Backman, A.‐M.; Pong, V.; Rentería, E.; Restrepo, D.; Samekin, A.; Segal‐Klein, H.; Selim, H. A.; Sindic, D.; Spence, A.; Stöckli, S.; Tam, K.‐P.; Ungaretti, J.; Urbańska, B.; Wang, A.; Yahiiaiev, I.; Yemelyanova, Y. Resumo: In an increasingly globalized world challenged by multiple social problems, global social identifications (GSIs, e.g., with all humanity) are concepts of growing interest. Although such identifications can be affected by the cultural contexts in which they are manifested, research on them remains largely confined to Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic (WEIRD) societies. Using data collected in 45 countries (N = 9807, preregistered), we compared the strength of three types of GSIs between countries and cultural clusters, and explored the possible role of five cultural dimensions. The results revealed relatively small cross-national differences in GSIs overall, but African and South-East Asian cultural clusters reported significantly stronger identifications than those from other regions, with India, South Africa, and Ghana scoring the highest. Contrary to our hypotheses, GSIs were positively associated with in-group collectivism, survival values, and traditional values, while institutional collectivism was unrelated. As expected, humane orientation was positively related to most GSIs. Additional exploratory analyses showed higher GSIs in countries with a lower quality of life (broadly understood). GSIs were also more pronounced in less globalized, younger societies, with a higher proportion of men, fewer immigrants, and stronger diversity. Our study highlights the need to broaden research on GSIs beyond WEIRD contexts.