Repositório Comunidade:http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21072026-04-03T20:52:24Z2026-04-03T20:52:24ZReading for pleasure: Socialisation and gender differences among young students in PortugalMata, J. T. da.Neves, J. S.Lopes, M. Â.Nunes, A.http://hdl.handle.net/10071/367862026-04-01T09:40:07Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo próprio: Reading for pleasure: Socialisation and gender differences among young students in Portugal
Autoria: Mata, J. T. da.; Neves, J. S.; Lopes, M. Â.; Nunes, A.
Resumo: This article examines gender differences in book reading for pleasure among students in primary and secondary education in Portugal, based on a representative sample comprising over 20,000 pupils. Drawing on concepts of socialisation and reading practices, the study analyses how the main agencies of socialisation shape the differentiated relationships that boys and girls develop with reading. The research adopts a quantitative methodology, combining descriptive statistical analysis, odds ratio and cluster analysis to map the distribution of practices and associated dispositions. The findings show that gender differences emerge early and become more pronounced throughout compulsory schooling. However, these differences are significantly reduced and statistically insignificant among avid readers, suggesting the importance of intensive socialisation trajectories characterised by early, sustained, and multifaceted exposure to reading. The article thus contributes to an understanding of reading practices as the product of socially constructed dispositions, revealing the persistence of gendered cultural differences even within contexts marked by plural affiliations and multiple agencies of socialisation.2025-01-01T00:00:00ZAfrican Union's quest for peace in Somalia: Contextualizing the transition from AMISOM to ATMIS 1Ajú, M. M.http://hdl.handle.net/10071/367812026-04-01T07:59:01Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo próprio: African Union's quest for peace in Somalia: Contextualizing the transition from AMISOM to ATMIS 1
Autoria: Ajú, M. M.
Editor: Záhořík, Jan; Ylönen, Aleksi
Resumo: Authorized in March 2007, AMISOM’s mandate officially ended on March 31, 2022 giving place to a newly established African Union Transition Mission in Somalia that came into effect on April 1, 2022. After 15 years of mixed results of success and failure between 2007 and 2022, the African Union has remained resolute in its commitment and on course with the quest for peace and consolidation of state-building in Somalia. It now has a heightened sense of determination with ambitious and clearly defined targets for its mission, tight deadlines, and a well-defined exit strategy, something that was missing before. This chapter explores the challenges of a transition and highlights the salient and possibly insurmountable onus placed into the hands of a still weak Federal Government of Somalia. More specifically, it discusses the prospect for peace and security in the most conflict-ridden nation of the Horn of Africa with the related regional implications and beyond in a post-AMISOM landscape. An assessment of AMISOM’s experience and the overly ambitious transition plan suggests that the emerging scenario could yet again fall short of expectations in the quest for stability and lasting peace will continue to remain an elusive grand ambition.2025-01-01T00:00:00ZEvaluating the clinical safety of large language models in response to high-risk mental health disclosuresSantos, J. M.Shah, S.Gupta, A.Mann, A.Vaz, A.Caldwell, B. E.Scholz, R.Awad, P.Allemandi, R.Faust, D.Banka, H.Rousmaniere, T.http://hdl.handle.net/10071/367752026-03-31T10:46:07Z2026-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo próprio: Evaluating the clinical safety of large language models in response to high-risk mental health disclosures
Autoria: Santos, J. M.; Shah, S.; Gupta, A.; Mann, A.; Vaz, A.; Caldwell, B. E.; Scholz, R.; Awad, P.; Allemandi, R.; Faust, D.; Banka, H.; Rousmaniere, T.
Resumo: As large language models increasingly mediate emotionally sensitive conversations, especially in mental health contexts, their ability to recognize and respond to high-risk situations becomes a matter of public safety. This study evaluates the responses of six popular large language models—Claude, Gemini, DeepSeek, ChatGPT, Grok 3, and LLAMA—to user prompts simulating crisis-level mental health disclosures. Drawing on a coding framework developed by licensed clinicians, five safety-oriented behaviors were assessed: explicit risk acknowledgment, empathy, encouragement to seek help, provision of specific resources, and invitation to continue the conversation. Claude outperformed all others in a global assessment, while Grok 3, ChatGPT, and LLAMA underperformed across multiple domains. Notably, most models exhibited empathy, but few consistently provided practical support or kept the conversation open. These findings suggest that while large language models show potential for emotionally attuned communication, none currently meet satisfactory clinical standards for crisis response. Ongoing development and targeted fine-tuning are essential to ensure ethical deployment of AI in mental health settings.2026-01-01T00:00:00ZA aquisição de cidadania nacional por imigrantes em Portugal e em Espanha: O papel do multiculturalismoCarvalho, J. M. D. de.http://hdl.handle.net/10071/367472026-03-27T16:47:47Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo próprio: A aquisição de cidadania nacional por imigrantes em Portugal e em Espanha: O papel do multiculturalismo
Autoria: Carvalho, J. M. D. de.
Resumo: No contexto de uma corrente restritiva na Europa, este artigo examina as políticas públicas de Portugal e de Espanha relativamente à aquisição das suas cidadanias nacionais pelos imigrantes e avalia a sua potencial convergência no sentido de um modelo comum. Com base numa análise comparativa qualitativa, esta investigação procura, também, compreender a evolução das abordagens dos dois países ibéricos através da exploração das teorias dominantes sobre a variação dos regimes de cidadania. A variação das políticas públicas entre os dois países esteve sobretudo associada ao papel das ideias políticas, em particular ao comprometimento dos partidos de centro-esquerda com o multiculturalismo. Esta investigação realça a divergência da abordagem de Portugal em relação à corrente restritiva observada na Europa, enquanto Espanha continua a manter um modelo assimilacionista no século XXI.2025-01-01T00:00:00Z